What Is Transformer?
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A transformer is a passive electrical device that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another, or multiple circuits. A varying current in any one coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core, which induces a varying electromotive force across any other coils wound around the same core. Electrical energy can be transferred between separate coils without a metallic (conductive) connection between the two circuits. Faraday's law of induction, discovered in 1831, describes the induced voltage effect in any coil due to a changing magnetic flux encircled by the coil.
Transformers are most commonly used for increasing low AC voltages at high current (a step-up transformer) or decreasing high AC voltages at low current (a step-down transformer) in electric power applications, and for coupling the stages of signal processing circuits. Transformers can also be used for isolation, where the voltage in equals the voltage out, with separate coils not electrically bonded to one another.
Since the invention of the first constant-potential transformer in 1885, transformers have become essential for the transmission, distribution, and utilization of alternating current electric power. A wide range of transformer designs is encountered in electronic and electric power applications. Transformers range in size from RFtransformers less than a cubic centimeter in volume, to units weighing hundreds of tons used to interconnect the power grid.
How does a transformer work step by step?
A transformer converts alternating current (AC) from one voltage to another voltage. It has no moving parts and works on a magnetic induction principle; it can be designed to "step-up" or "step-down" voltage. So a step uptransformer increases the voltage and a stepdown transformer decreases the voltage.
What is the function of transformer?
The function of a transformer is to step up or step down alternating voltage while maintaining power at the same level. Therefore, a change in voltage causes reverse change in current. That is, if voltage is doubled, current will be halved.
How is a transformer constructed?
In all types of transformer construction, the central iron core is constructed from of a highly permeable material made from thin silicon steel laminations. These thin laminations are assembled together to provide the required magnetic path with the minimum of magnetic losses.
What are the two types of transformers?
Transformers generally have one of two typesof cores: Core Type and Shell Type. These two types are distinguished from each other by the manner in which the primary and secondary coils are place around the steel core. Coretype - With this type, the windings surround the laminated core.
What is the working of a transformer?
A transformer is an electrical apparatus designed to convert alternating current from one voltage to another. It can be designed to "step up" or "step down" voltages and works on the magnetic induction principle.
Does a transformer convert AC to DC?
transformer will not convert ac in to dc . it will just increase/decrease the voltage level of AC. the circuit which converts ac to dc are called as rectifiers , a full wave rectifier would do the job.
What are the advantages of transformer?
Advantages: A transformer will increase or decrease AC voltages, currents, or impedance. The available power cannot change, but will slightly decrease, depending on the efficiency of the transformer. A transformer may also be used to isolate grounds. Transformers are widely used in power transmission.
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