What is Electricity
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Electricity is the flow of electrical power or charge. It is a secondary energy source which
means that we get it from the conversion of other sources of energy, like coal, natural gas,
oil, nuclear power and other natural sources, which are called primary sources. The energy
sources we use to make electricity can be renewable or non-renewable, but electricity itself
is neither renewable or non-renewable.
Electricity is a basic part of nature and it is one of our most widely used forms of
energy. Many cities and towns were built alongside waterfalls (a primary source of
mechanical energy) that turned water wheels to perform work. Before electricity
generation began over 100 years ago, houses were lit with kerosene lamps, food was cooled
in iceboxes, and rooms were warmed by wood-burning or coal-burning stoves. Beginning
with Benjamin Franklin's experiment with a kite one stormy night in Philadelphia, the
principles of electricity gradually became understood. Thomas Edison helped change
everyone's life -- he perfected his invention -- the electric light bulb. Prior to 1879, direct
current (DC) electricity had been used in arc lights for outdoor lighting. In the late-1800s,
Nikola Tesla pioneered the generation, transmission, and use of alternating current (AC)
electricity, which can be transmitted over much greater distances than direct current.
Tesla's inventions used electricity to bring indoor lighting to our homes and to power
industrial machines.
Electricity is all around us--powering technology like our cell phones, computers, lights, soldering irons, and air conditioners. It's tough to escape it in our modern world. Even when you try to escape electricity, it's still at work throughout nature, from the lightning in a thunderstorm to the synapses inside our body. But what exactly is electricity? This is a very complicated question, and as you dig deeper and ask more questions, there really is not a definitive answer, only abstract representations of how electricity interacts with our surroundings.
To understand the fundamentals of electricity, we need to begin by focusing in on atoms, one of the basic building blocks of life and matter. Atoms exist in over a hundred different forms as chemical elements like hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and copper. Atoms of many types can combine to make molecules, which build the matter we can physically see and touch.
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