Mercury Element
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Mercury is a shiny, silvery, liquid metal, sometimes called quicksilver. It is a transition metal with atomic number 80 on the periodic table and an atomic weight of 200.59, and its element symbol is Hg. While it's an extremely rare element, there's a world of interesting information about mercury.
Mercury is the only metal that is a liquid at standard temperature and pressure. The only other liquid element under standard conditions is bromine (a halogen), although the metals rubidium, cesium, and gallium melt at a temperature just above room temperature. Mercury has a very high surface tension, so it forms rounded beads of liquid.
Although mercury and all its compounds are known to be highly toxic, it was considered therapeutic throughout much of history.
Mercury is a relatively poor conductor of heat. Most metals are excellent thermal conductors. It is a mild electrical conductor. The freezing point (-38.8 C) and boiling point (356 C) of mercury are closer together than all other metals.
Mercury forms useful compounds with other elements. Mercuric chloride (HgCl2) is a very poisonous salt and was once used to disinfect wounds. Mercurous chloride (Hg2Cl2), also called calomel, is an antiseptic used to kill bacteria. Mercuric sulfide (HgS) is used to make a red paint pigment called vermilion. Mercuric oxide (HgO) is used to make mercury batteries.
Mercury is poisonous and can enter the body through the respiratory tract, the digestive tract or directly through the skin. It accumulates in the body, eventually causing severe illness or death.
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